Role of the Phytochemicals from the Cocoa Shell on the Prevention of Metabolic Syndrome by an Integrated Network Pharmacology Analysis

The metabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions that occur together, increasing the risk chronic diseases such as obesity, type II diabetes, or cardiovascular disease. Nutritional interventions improving inflammation, bioenergetics, and oxidative stress are proposed effective tools in preventing syndrome. cocoa shell by-product generated large amounts during production. This contains alkaloids phenolic compounds main has been investigated an anti-obesity anti-diabetic agent. Here, we used network pharmacology to explore potential mechanism phytochemicals from shell. We searched shell’s phytochemical composition; then, oral bioavailability drug-likeness were screened. predicted targets for found this different databases search compound–protein compound–gene interactions, then protein–protein interaction networks constructed. Moreover, pathway enrichment analysis was performed, biological processes signaling pathways identified illustrated through bioinformatics analyses. Theobromine, caffeine, procyanidin B2, (−)-epicatechin, (+)-catechin, protocatechuic acid components. Those associated with inflammation (TNF-α, NF-κB, JNK)-, (CAT, SOD)-, obesity (adiponectin, leptin, FASN, PPAR-α)-, diabetes (insulin, AKT)-related pathways. Results demonstrated could modulate multiple multimechanistic manner. Hence, consumption support nutritional prevention Future vivo clinical investigations will be needed validate nutraceutical healthy ingredient’s effects mechanisms.